Earl Of Plymouth
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Earl of Plymouth is a title that has been created three times: twice in the
Peerage of England The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. In that year, the Peerages of England and Scotland were replaced by one Peerage of Great Britain. There are five peerages in t ...
and once in the
Peerage of the United Kingdom The Peerage of the United Kingdom is one of the five Peerages in the United Kingdom. It comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Acts of Union 1800, Acts of Union in 1801, when it replaced the ...
.


History

The first creation was in 1675 for Charles FitzCharles, one of the dozens of illegitimate children of King Charles II and one of a few by his mistress
Catherine Pegge Catherine Pegge, born about 1635, was a long term mistress of Charles II. She had two children by him, Charles FitzCharles, 1st Earl of Plymouth, and Catherine FitzCharles. Background Catherine was the daughter of Thomas Pegge of Yeldersle ...
. He died without heirs in 1680, and the title became extinct. The second creation came in 1682 in favour of Thomas Hickman-Windsor, 7th Baron Windsor. The family descends from Sir Andrew Windsor, who fought at the
Battle of the Spurs The Battle of the Spurs or (Second) Battle of Guinegate (, "Day of the Spurs"; ''deuxième bataille de Guinegatte'') took place on 16 August 1513. It formed a part of the War of the League of Cambrai, during the Italian Wars. Henry VIII and ...
in 1513, where he was knighted. In 1529 he was summoned to Parliament as Baron Windsor, ''of Stanwell in the County of Buckingham''. His grandson, Edward, the third Baron, fought at the Battle of St Quentin in 1557. Edward's elder son Frederick, the fourth Baron, died unmarried at an early age and was succeeded by his younger brother, Henry. The latter's son, Thomas, the sixth Baron, was a Rear-Admiral in the Royal Navy. On Thomas's death in 1641, the barony fell into abeyance between his sisters. The abeyance was terminated in 1660 in favour of his nephew, Thomas Hickman. He was the son of Elizabeth Windsor, and her husband Dixie Hickman, and assumed the additional surname of Windsor as 7th Baron. He notably served as
Governor of Jamaica This is a list of viceroys in Jamaica from its initial occupation by Spain in 1509, to its independence from the United Kingdom in 1962. For a list of viceroys after independence, see Governor-General of Jamaica. For context, see History of Jamai ...
and as
Lord Lieutenant of Worcestershire This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Worcestershire. Since 1719, all Lord Lieutenants have also been Custos Rotulorum of Worcestershire. Lord Lieutenants of Worcestershire to 1974 *''see Lord Lieutenant of Wales for pre ...
. In 1682, he was created Earl of Plymouth in the Peerage of England, a higher title of nobility. He was succeeded by his grandson Other, who notably served as
Lord Lieutenant of Cheshire This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of the County Palatine of Chester. Since 1689, all Lords Lieutenant have also been Custos Rotulorum of Cheshire. Lord Lieutenants of Cheshire Vice Lieutenants * Honourable Alan de Tat ...
, Denbigh and
Flint Flint, occasionally flintstone, is a sedimentary cryptocrystalline form of the mineral quartz, categorized as the variety of chert that occurs in chalk or marly limestone. Flint was widely used historically to make stone tools and start fir ...
. His grandson and namesake, Other, the fourth Earl, was
Lord Lieutenant of Glamorganshire This is a list of people who served as Lord Lieutenant of Glamorgan. After 1729, all Lords Lieutenant were also Custos Rotulorum of Glamorgan. The post was abolished on 31 March 1974. Lord Lieutenants of Glamorgan to 1974 *Henry Herbert, 2nd E ...
. On the death of fourth Earl's childless grandson, Other, the sixth Earl, in 1833, the barony and earldom separated. The barony fell into abeyance between his sisters Lady Maria Windsor, wife of Arthur Hill, 3rd Marquess of Downshire, and Lady Harriet Windsor, wife of
Robert Clive Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, (29 September 1725 – 22 November 1774), also known as Clive of India, was the first British Governor of the Bengal Presidency. Clive has been widely credited for laying the foundation of the British ...
, second son of
Edward Clive, 1st Earl of Powis Edward Clive, 1st Earl of Powis, (7 March 1754 – 16 May 1839), known as the Lord Clive between 1774 and 1804, was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1774 to 1794 when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Clive. Earl ...
(see below for further history of the barony and
Earl of Powis Earl of Powis (Powys) is a title that has been created three times. The first creation came in the Peerage of England in 1674 in favour of William Herbert, 3rd Baron Powis, a descendant of William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (c. 1501–15 ...
for earlier history of the Clive family). The sixth Earl was succeeded in the earldom by his uncle, Andrew, the seventh Earl. The seventh Earl died unmarried and was succeeded by his younger brother, Henry, the eighth Earl. The eighth Earl was childless and on his death in 1843 the earldom became extinct. The barony of Windsor remained in abeyance until 1855 when the abeyance was terminated in favour of Lady Harriet Windsor-(Clive), who became the thirteenth Baroness. The same year she re-assumed by Royal licence her maiden surname, as a first barrel of her name. Her eldest son Robert Windsor-Clive predeceased her and she was succeeded by her grandson, Robert, the fourteenth Baron, who was a prominent
Conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy that seeks to promote and to preserve traditional institutions, practices, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization i ...
politician and held office as
Paymaster-General His Majesty's Paymaster General or HM Paymaster General is a ministerial position in the Cabinet Office of the United Kingdom. The incumbent Paymaster General is Jeremy Quin MP. History The post was created in 1836 by the merger of the posit ...
and
First Commissioner of Works The First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings was a position within the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and subsequent to 1922, within the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Irel ...
. In 1905 the earldom of Plymouth was revived in the third creation when Robert was created Viscount Windsor, ''of St Fagans in the County of Glamorgan'', and Earl of Plymouth, in the County of Devon. These titles were in the
Peerage of the United Kingdom The Peerage of the United Kingdom is one of the five Peerages in the United Kingdom. It comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Acts of Union 1800, Acts of Union in 1801, when it replaced the ...
. The first Earl was succeeded by his second and only surviving son, Ivor, the second Earl, who was also a Conservative politician and served as
Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms The Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms is a post in the Government of the United Kingdom that has been held by the Government Chief Whip in the House of Lords The House of Lords, also known as the House of Peers, is th ...
,
Under-Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs The position of Under-Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs was a British ministerial position, subordinate to that of Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs, created in 1925 to deal with British relations with the Dominions – Canada, Aust ...
,
Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies The Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies was a junior Ministerial post in the United Kingdom government, subordinate to the Secretary of State for the Colonies and, from 1948, also to a Minister of State. Under-Secretaries of State for the Col ...
and
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs is a vacant junior position in the British government, subordinate to both the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and since 1945 also to the Minister of State for Foreign Affa ...
. Ivor's eldest son, Other, the third Earl, succeeded in 1943 and died on 7 March 2018 when he was succeeded by his own son, Ivor, the present fourth Earl. As a male-line descendant of the first
Earl of Powis Earl of Powis (Powys) is a title that has been created three times. The first creation came in the Peerage of England in 1674 in favour of William Herbert, 3rd Baron Powis, a descendant of William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (c. 1501–15 ...
in its present creation the Earl is a far heir-in-remainder to that peerage and its subsidiary titles. Another member of the family was Thomas Windsor, younger son of
Thomas Hickman-Windsor, 1st Earl of Plymouth Thomas Hickman-Windsor, 1st Earl of Plymouth, PC (c. 1627 – 3 November 1687), was the son of Dixie Hickman and his wife Elizabeth Windsor, sister and heiress of Thomas Windsor, 6th Baron Windsor. He assumed the additional surname of Windsor a ...
, who was elevated to the new title Viscount Windsor in 1699. After the death of his son, the second Viscount, the title was extinct for 38 years from 1758. However his daughter and heiress, Charlotte Jane, married John Stuart, 4th Earl of Bute and the title "of" Windsor was revived in 1796 ( Earl of Windsor) as a (courtesy) style for the Marquess of Bute (the first subsidiary title is Earl of Dumfries since 1803 when this title, created in 1633, was inherited by the second Marquess). The family seat was
Hewell Grange Hewell Grange is a former country house in Tardebigge, Worcestershire, England. "One of the most important late 19th century country houses in England", the mansion was built between 1884 and 1891 by George Frederick Bodley and Thomas Garner fo ...
,
Worcestershire Worcestershire ( , ; written abbreviation: Worcs) is a county in the West Midlands of England. The area that is now Worcestershire was absorbed into the unified Kingdom of England in 927, at which time it was constituted as a county (see His ...
. Later residences are
Oakly Park Oakly Park, Bromfield, Shropshire, England is a country house dating from the 18th century. In the early 19th century, the house was restored and extended by Charles Robert Cockerell, Surveyor to the Bank of England for his friend Robert Henry ...
, Bromfield near
Ludlow Ludlow () is a market town in Shropshire, England. The town is significant in the history of the Welsh Marches and in relation to Wales. It is located south of Shrewsbury and north of Hereford, on the A49 road which bypasses the town. The t ...
,
Shropshire Shropshire (; alternatively Salop; abbreviated in print only as Shrops; demonym Salopian ) is a landlocked historic county in the West Midlands region of England. It is bordered by Wales to the west and the English counties of Cheshire to th ...
, and a house in
London W8 The W (Western and Paddington) postcode area, also known as the London W postcode area is a group of postcode districts covering part of central and part of West London, England. The area originates from the Western (W1) and Paddington (W2-14) ...
. 'Other' (pronounced ǒðer), a customary male forename for Earls of Plymouth, derives from medieval writings of earlier oral traditions regarding a
Saxon The Saxons ( la, Saxones, german: Sachsen, ang, Seaxan, osx, Sahson, nds, Sassen, nl, Saksen) were a group of Germanic * * * * peoples whose name was given in the early Middle Ages to a large country (Old Saxony, la, Saxonia) near the Nor ...
ancestor 'Otho' or 'Othere' of the Hickman-Windsor family.


Earl of Plymouth, first creation (1675)

*
Charles FitzCharles, 1st Earl of Plymouth Charles FitzCharles, 1st Earl of Plymouth (1657 – 17 October 1680) was the illegitimate son of King Charles II of England, by Catherine Pegge. He had a sister called Catherine FitzCharles who is believed to have become a nun. His mother went o ...
(1657–1680)


Earl of Plymouth, second and third creations


Baron Windsor (1529)

*
Andrew Windsor, 1st Baron Windsor Andrew Windsor, 1st Baron Windsor (Wyndsore, Wyndesor) KB (1467–1543), was a Member of Parliament, English peer, and Keeper of the Wardrobe, knight banneret and military commander. Name In manuscript and printed sources dated before 1650 hi ...
(1467–1543) *William Windsor, 2nd Baron Windsor (1498–1558) *
Edward Windsor, 3rd Baron Windsor Edward Windsor, 3rd Baron Windsor (1532 – 24 January 1574), was an Peerage of England, English peer. Early life Edward was born into a landowning family of Norman ancestry that had steadily increased its possessions through the Middle Ages, inc ...
(1532–1574) *Frederick Windsor, 4th Baron Windsor (1559–1585) *Henry Windsor, 5th Baron Windsor (1562–1605) *Thomas Windsor, 6th Baron Windsor (1591–1642) (abeyant) * Thomas Hickman-Windsor, 7th Baron Windsor (1627–1687) ( abeyance terminated 1660, created Earl of Plymouth in 1682)


Earl of Plymouth (1682)

*
Thomas Hickman-Windsor, 1st Earl of Plymouth Thomas Hickman-Windsor, 1st Earl of Plymouth, PC (c. 1627 – 3 November 1687), was the son of Dixie Hickman and his wife Elizabeth Windsor, sister and heiress of Thomas Windsor, 6th Baron Windsor. He assumed the additional surname of Windsor a ...
(1627–1687) **Other Windsor, Lord Windsor (1659–1694) *
Other Windsor, 2nd Earl of Plymouth Other Windsor, 2nd Earl of Plymouth (27 August 1679 – 26 December 1727) was a British peer, styled Lord Windsor from his father's death in 1684 to 1687. He was a Hanoverian Tory, supportive of the Hanoverian Succession. The son of Other Winds ...
(1679–1727) *
Other Windsor, 3rd Earl of Plymouth Other Windsor, 3rd Earl of Plymouth (30 June 1707 – 23 November 1732) was an English peer and landowner, a member of the House of Lords from 1728 until his death. His first name goes back in the Windsor family to Other, or Othoere, the father of ...
(1707–1732) *
Other Lewis Windsor, 4th Earl of Plymouth Other Lewis Windsor, 4th Earl of Plymouth (12 May 1731 – 21 April 1771) was a British peer, styled Lord Windsor until 1732. At the age of one, he succeeded his father Other Windsor, 3rd Earl of Plymouth, as Earl of Plymouth. In 1736, his mater ...
(1731–1771) *
Other Hickman Windsor, 5th Earl of Plymouth Other Hickman Windsor, 5th Earl of Plymouth FRS (30 May 1751 - 12 June 1799), styled Lord Windsor until 1771, was an English nobleman. Early life Styled Lord Windsor from birth, he was the eldest son of Other Windsor, 4th Earl of Plymouth and ...
(1751–1799) *
Other Archer Windsor, 6th Earl of Plymouth Other Archer Windsor, 6th Earl of Plymouth (2 July 1789 – 20 July 1833) was an English nobleman, the eldest and only surviving son of the 5th Earl of Plymouth by his wife and cousin, Hon. Sarah Archer, daughter and eventual co-heiress of th ...
(1789–1833) (barony of Windsor abeyant 1833–1855) *Andrew Windsor, 7th Earl of Plymouth (1764–1837) *Henry Windsor, 8th Earl of Plymouth (1768–1843)


Baron Windsor (1529; reverted)

* Harriet Windsor, 13th Baroness Windsor (1797–1869) (abeyance terminated 1855) ** Robert Windsor-Clive (1824–1859) * Robert George Windsor-Clive, 14th Baron Windsor (1857–1923) (created Earl of Plymouth in 1905)


Earl of Plymouth (1905)

* Robert George Windsor-Clive, 1st Earl of Plymouth (1857–1923) **Other Robert Windsor-Clive, Viscount Windsor (1884–1908) * Ivor Miles Windsor-Clive, 2nd Earl of Plymouth (1889–1943) *
Other Robert Ivor Windsor-Clive, 3rd Earl of Plymouth Other Robert Ivor Windsor-Clive, 3rd Earl of Plymouth (9 October 1923 – 7 March 2018) was a British landowner, soldier, and business man, a member of the House of Lords from 1943 until 1999. Born in 1923, the son of Ivor Windsor-Clive, 2nd Earl o ...
(1923–2018) *Ivor Edward Other Windsor-Clive, 4th Earl of Plymouth (born 1951) The
heir apparent An heir apparent, often shortened to heir, is a person who is first in an order of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another person; a person who is first in the order of succession but can be displaced by the b ...
is the holder's son Robert Other Ivor Windsor-Clive, Viscount Windsor (born 1981).
whose heir apparent is his son Edward Other Ivor Llewellyn Windsor-Clive (born 2019).


Chain of succession family tree


Seat and published probate wealth

The second earl died, seized of St Fagans Castle, in 1943. His probate was sworn the next year at . The castle went (by gift) to the National Museum of Wales, becoming one of its key sites from his wife's death in 1947 (leading to his ''double probate'') whereby the total assets amounted to .https://probatesearch.service.gov.uk Calendar of Probates and Administrations


See also

* Viscount Windsor * Earl of Powis (1804 creation) * Marquess of Bute *
Hewell Grange Hewell Grange is a former country house in Tardebigge, Worcestershire, England. "One of the most important late 19th century country houses in England", the mansion was built between 1884 and 1891 by George Frederick Bodley and Thomas Garner fo ...
*
Barnt Green House Barnt Green House is a building at Barnt Green, Worcestershire, England. It is a Grade II listed building. It was once a residence of the local nobles, the Earls of Plymouth. Queen Victoria is reputed to have spent the night there. The house ...
* St Fagans Castle *
Oakly Park Oakly Park, Bromfield, Shropshire, England is a country house dating from the 18th century. In the early 19th century, the house was restored and extended by Charles Robert Cockerell, Surveyor to the Bank of England for his friend Robert Henry ...
, Shropshire


References

*Kidd, Charles & Williamson, David (editors). ''Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage'' (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990,


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Plymouth Earldoms in the Peerage of the United Kingdom Noble titles created in 1675 Noble titles created in 1682 Noble titles created in 1905